PLTU Suralaya: 3,400 MW Coal Power Plant in Indonesia

PLTU Suralaya is a major coal-fired power plant located on the northwest coast of Java, Indonesia, near the Sunda Strait. With a capacity of 3,400 MW, it ranks among the largest coal power plants in Indonesia and plays a critical role in meeting the electricity demand of the Java-Bali interconnected system, which serves the country's most populous regions. The plant operates under Indonesia's national electricity regulations and environmental standards, which include emission limits for SOx, NOx, and particulates. As a coal-fired facility, it uses subcritical technology typical of older large-scale plants in the region. The plant's coal supply is sourced from domestic mines, primarily from Kalimantan and Sumatra, and it utilizes a dedicated jetty for fuel delivery. PLTU Suralaya's environmental impact is significant due to its size and fuel type, contributing to CO2 emissions and local air quality concerns. The plant is located in a coastal area with moderate population density, and its operations are subject to monitoring by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Despite its environmental footprint, the plant remains essential for grid stability and industrial development in western Java.

The plant's coal combustion releases substantial CO2, SOx, and NOx, contributing to regional air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Its coastal location near the Sunda Strait influences local marine and atmospheric conditions. The facility's age and subcritical technology result in lower efficiency and higher emissions per MWh compared to modern supercritical or CCGT plants. Proximity to populated areas necessitates compliance with Indonesian ambient air quality standards.