Overview
Paulo Afonso IV is a 2,462.4 MW hydroelectric power plant in Brazil, operational and located on the São Francisco River. It is one of the largest hydroelectric facilities in the country.
Paulo Afonso IV is a major hydroelectric power plant located in the northeastern region of Brazil, on the São Francisco River. With a capacity of 2,462.4 MW, it ranks among the largest hydroelectric facilities in the country, contributing significantly to Brazil's renewable energy generation. The plant is part of the Paulo Afonso Hydroelectric Complex, which includes multiple dams and power stations. The plant operates under Brazil's national regulatory framework for hydroelectric generation, overseen by the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) and the National System Operator (ONS). Hydroelectric power is the dominant source of electricity in Brazil, accounting for over 60% of the country's installed capacity. Paulo Afonso IV utilizes the hydraulic potential of the São Francisco River, a key waterway in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil. Environmentally, hydroelectric plants like Paulo Afonso IV provide low-carbon electricity, helping Brazil meet its climate commitments. However, large reservoirs can alter local ecosystems and water flows. The plant's location in a region with seasonal rainfall variability requires careful water management to balance power generation with other water uses, such as irrigation and human consumption.
Environmental context
The Paulo Afonso IV hydroelectric plant is situated in the semi-arid Caatinga biome of northeastern Brazil. The São Francisco River is a vital water source for the region, supporting agriculture, industry, and communities. While hydroelectric power is a renewable energy source with low greenhouse gas emissions, the construction of large dams can impact local biodiversity and fish migration. The reservoir may also contribute to water evaporation in the dry climate, affecting downstream water availability.
Frequently asked questions
Paulo Afonso IV is located on the São Francisco River in the northeastern region of Brazil, near the city of Paulo Afonso in Bahia state.
Paulo Afonso IV has an installed capacity of 2,462.4 megawatts (MW), making it one of the largest hydroelectric plants in Brazil.
The plant is operated by Chesf (Companhia Hidro Elétrica do São Francisco), a subsidiary of Eletrobras, which is the largest power utility in Brazil.
Hydroelectric plants in Brazil are regulated by the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) and the National System Operator (ONS). They must comply with environmental licensing from IBAMA and water use permits from the National Water Agency (ANA).
Paulo Afonso IV provides renewable, low-carbon electricity to the Northeast region, helping to stabilize the grid and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. It is part of Brazil's large hydroelectric base, which supplies over 60% of the country's electricity.