San Rafael Chamapa Wastewater Treatment Plant, Naucalpan de Juárez, Mexico

San Rafael Chamapa is a municipal wastewater treatment plant located in Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico. The facility serves a small population of 1,643 residents, providing secondary treatment to manage local wastewater. It is situated in the urbanized area of the Mexico City metropolitan region. The plant operates with a designed capacity of 172.80 cubic meters per day and treats an average daily flow of 155.52 cubic meters, indicating a utilization rate of approximately 90%. As a secondary treatment facility, it employs biological processes to reduce organic matter and suspended solids. In Mexico, wastewater treatment plants are regulated under the National Water Law (Ley de Aguas Nacionales) and NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996, which sets discharge limits for pollutants into national waters. The treated effluent from San Rafael Chamapa is discharged into local water bodies that ultimately drain into the Gulf of Mexico via the Pánuco River system. The plant plays a key role in protecting downstream ecosystems and water quality in the region, which supports diverse aquatic life and agricultural activities.

The plant discharges treated wastewater into local streams that flow into the Pánuco River basin, eventually reaching the Gulf of Mexico. This watershed supports a variety of aquatic species and provides water for irrigation and domestic use downstream. The region's dense urban development makes effective wastewater treatment critical to preventing nutrient pollution and protecting the ecological health of the river system and coastal waters.